PySAL

Core spatial data structures, file IO. Construction and interactive editing of spatial weights matrices & graphs. Alpha shapes, spatial indices, and spatial-topological relationships
Modules to conduct exploratory analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal data
Estimation of spatial relationships in data with a variety of linear, generalized-linear, generalized-additive, and nonlinear models
Visualize patterns in spatial data to detect clusters, outliers, and hot-spots